In The Theatre of the Oppressed by Augusto Boal, the argument that is presented is that theater within itself is innately political, while showing that Aristotelian theatre adhere to an oppressive state. Therefore, the author reviews the history of theatre through the works of Aristotle, Machiavelli, Hegel and Brecht. With the old historical connections to theater the author then presents and forms a new idea of theater that breaks down the boundaries set by the old system between the performers and the spectators. In chapter one the author presents Aristotle’s philosophy while defining tragedy in the Aristotelian epistemology as a coercive system that has the viewer in conformity and not allowing room for a rebellion. He also states that the character in this philosophy has certain traits that the audience sympathizes with, which allows the audience to suppress this as the spectator. Boal moves on in the 4th chapter to reviewing his work in Peru. Through a literacy program by presenting ways in which people can become an active participant in theater rather than just being a mere spectator, who is inactive. In the program participants uses different theater related exercises to talk about their lives and confronting different issues. Therefore, the audience can actively determine the outcome of each action. On the other hand, in Performance by Diana Taylor, she explores the different dynamics of performance, while exploring the social, economic, political and sexual aspect of each performance to highlight and confronting social issues. Taylor focuses on performance but specifically performance art and reassuring readers that performance is not solely based on an imitative aspect, rather it includes change, critical context and creativity. Overall highlighting performance as a tool to do something even when it seems as if there is not much that is being done. Finally, Bertolt Bercht in Brecht on Theatre: The Development of and Aesthetic, the author discusses the development of his own theatrical aesthetic, by showing how theater can serve as a too that can trigger a social change in society, to be quite honest, I was not sure how to interpret the notes in his writings, they were at times contradictory.